The latest developments in the conflict in the Middle East show complex and layered dynamics. One of the main focuses is the situation in Gaza, where tensions between Hamas and Israel have risen again after infiltrating attacks that triggered a major military response by Israel. Since October 2023, reports indicate an increase in the number of civilian casualties, with thousands of Palestinians caught between airstrikes and a tight blockade. This sparked international criticism, with many countries calling for a ceasefire and protection of civilians. In the north, the Syrian conflict continues with ISIS carrying out sporadic attacks despite having lost most of its control. Kurdish forces, backed by an international coalition, remain struggling to neutralize this terror threat, while the Syrian government seeks to regain full control of the country. Tensions have also risen between Türkiye and the YPG, the military wing of which Türkiye considers a terrorist group. In Iraq, new challenges are emerging with the resurgence of local militant groups exploiting political and social instability. The Iraqi government is struggling to reconcile rival groups, and attacks on security forces have become increasingly frequent, adding a new layer to the region’s conflict. Meanwhile, relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia experienced positive changes, with several diplomatic meetings aimed at reducing sectarian tensions and resolving regional differences. However, Iran’s influence in Iraq and Syria continues to create anxiety among Gulf states, which see it as a threat to their stability. In Yemen, the protracted war continues to create a severe humanitarian crisis. Despite efforts to conduct peace negotiations, violence between the Houthis and Saudi Arabia-led coalition forces continues, causing loss of civilian life and mass displacement. Social media also played an important role in shaping the war narrative, where information and propaganda spread quickly, influencing public opinion. Furthermore, issues such as refugees, human rights, and access to humanitarian aid are of major concern to international organizations. Every diplomatic step is hampered by a long history of disputes, while the road to peace is clearly steep and full of challenges. Geopolitical stability in the Middle East remains key to global security. Any new developments should be monitored closely, as their impact extends not only to the countries involved, but also to international allies and partners trying to find solutions. At the same time, local momentum for peace must be encouraged, taking into account the aspirations and needs of communities affected by war.